Optic neuritis secondary to syphilis.

Optic neuritis is a rare manifestation of syphilis, and the involvement of the central nervous system should be considered synonymous with neurosyphilis. This infectious disease, well known as the great imitator, can affect any structure and produce multiple clinical symptoms. Here, we report a case of a 62- year-old male patient who presented to our service with decreased vision and myodesopsias in right eye. The posterior segment showed a hyperemic nerve with peripapillary hemorrhages and retinal pigment epithellium hyperplasia. The patient was recently diagnosed with HIV. Serology for syphilis was positive with posterior decreased levels of nontreponemal test following treatment with ceftriaxone. Optic neuritis can occur at any stage of syphilis and must always be considered a differential diagnosis.

Hybrid AuNPs-3MPS-MTX nanosystem and its evaluation for treating cervical cancer and melanoma.

This research presents an evaluation of a hybrid material based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), stabilized with the thiol 3-mercapto-propanesulfonate (3MPS) and loaded with the methotrexate drug (MTX). The AuNPs-3MPS-MTX nanosystem was tested for the treatment of cervical cancer and melanoma, using the B16-F10 melanoma and HeLa cell lines. The tests performed on cell cultures assessed the efficiency of the studied nanosystem on tumor cells, as well as its toxicology.

Paper-based plasmonic substrates as surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy platforms for cell culture applications.

The engineering of advanced materials capable of mimicking the cellular micro-environment while providing cells with physicochemical cues is central for cell culture applications. In this regard, paper meets key requirements in terms of biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, porosity, mechanical strength, ease of physicochemical modifications, cost, and ease of large-scale production, to be used as a scaffold material for biomedical applications. Most notably, paper has demonstrated the potential to become an attractive alternative to conventional biomaterials for creating two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) biomimetic cell culture models that mimic the features of in vivo tissue environments for improving our understanding of cell behavior (e.g. growth, cell migration, proliferation, differentiation and tumor metastasis) in their natural state. On the other hand, integration of plasmonic nanomaterials (e.g. gold nanoparticles) within the fibrous structure of paper opens the possibility to generate multifunctional scaffolds equipped with biosensing tools for monitoring different cell cues through physicochemical signals. Among different plasmonic based detection techniques, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy emerged as a highly specific and sensitive optical tool for its extraordinary sensitivity and the ability for multidimensional and accurate molecular identification. Thus, paper-based plasmonic substrates in combination with SERS optical detection represent a powerful future platform for monitoring cell cues during cell culture processes. To this end, in this review, we will describe the different methods for fabricating hybrid paper-plasmonic nanoparticle substrates and their use in combination with SERS spectroscopy for biosensing and, more specifically, in cell culture applications.

Satisfacción de los usuarios con las intervenciones educativas realizadas por la Liga Chilena contra la Epilepsia (LICHE) entre los años 2017 a 2019 / User Satisfaction with Educational Interventions carried out by the Chilean League against Epilepsy (LICHE) between 2017 and 2019

La epilepsia es una enfermedad neurológica crónica frecuente, que afecta aproximadamente a 50 millones de personas en el mundo. Puede ser definida, desde un punto de vista biológico, como una enfermedad caracterizada por una tendencia sostenida en el tiempo a presentar crisis epilépticas. Pero para comprender el impacto que conlleva para las personas afectadas y su grupo familiar, además del componente biológico, es necesario también prestar atención a las consecuencias psicosociales de la enfermedad: discriminación y estigma. La Liga Chilena contra la Epilepsia, integrante de Anliche (Asociación Nacional de Ligas Chilena contra la Epilepsia), capítulo chileno del IBE, cuenta con una larga experiencia de más de 20 años en lo que se refiere a educación en Epilepsia. El objetivo del presente trabajo es describir el nivel de satisfacción de los participantes sobre las actividades de capacitación realizadas por LICHE, comparando diferentes grupos de usuarios y la evolución temporal entre 2017 y 2019. El 79,3% de los participantes está completamente de acuerdo en que la intervención educativa cumplió satisfactoriamente sus expectativas. Los ítems con mayor porcentaje de nota óptima fueron: Objetivos 88,9%; Aplicabilidad 85,6% y Contenidos 85,5%.

Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disease, affecting approximately 50 million people worldwide. It can be defined, from a biological point of view, as a disease characterized by a sustained tendency over time to develop epileptic seizures. But to understand the impact it has on people afflicted by it and their family group, in addition to the biological component, it is also necessary to pay attention to the psychosocial consequences of the disease: discrimination and stigma. The Chilean League against Epilepsy, a member of Anliche (Chilean National Association of Leagues against Epilepsy), Chilean chapter of the IBE, has a long experience of more than 20 years in terms of education in Epilepsy. The objective of this work is to describe the level of satisfaction of the participants on the training activities carried out by LICHE, comparing different user groups between 2017 and 2019. 79.3% of participants fully agree that the educational intervention satisfactorily met their expectations. Items with the highest optimal grade percentage were: Objectives 88.9%; Applicability 85.6% and Contents 85.5%.

Impacto de un programa educativo sobre epilepsia en los conocimientos generales de la comunidad: Experiencia de la Liga Chilena contra la Epilepsia (LICHE) entre los años 2018 y 2019 / Impact of an Epilepsy Educational Program on the General Knowledge of the Community: Experience of the Chilean League Against Epilepsy (LICHE) between 2018 and 2019

La epilepsia es una enfermedad neurológica crónica, no transmisible, que afecta en la actualidad a cerca de 50 millones de personas en el mundo. Un aspecto particular de esta patología se refiere al impacto psicosocial negativo que la acompaña, específicamente lo que se refiere a estigma y discriminación. Pese a los grandes avances en el conocimiento científico de esta patología dicho impacto psicosocial negativo se mantiene; estudios realizados en diferentes grupos y poblaciones así lo confirman. El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar si los programas educativos realizados por la Liga Chilena contra la Epilepsia que ha desarrollado desde hace varias décadas para toda la comunidad, con diferentes estrategias metodológicas, de manera de contribuir en la labor de mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas con epilepsia, sus familiares y cuidadores, aumentan los conocimientos sobre las Epilepsias en la población que participa. La capacitación mejoró significativamente los conocimientos en todos los ítems. El mayor impacto se produjo en las preguntas sobre las cuales había desconocimiento.

Epilepsy is a chronic, non-communicable neurological disease that currently affects nearly 50 million people worldwide. A particular aspect of this pathology refers to the negative psychosocial impact that accompanies it, specifically regarding stigma and discrimination. Despite great advances in scientific knowledge of this pathology this negative psychosocial impact remains; studies in different groups and populations confirm this. The objective of this study is to determine whether the educational programs carried out by the Chilean League against Epilepsy which it has developed for several decades for the whole community, with different methodological strategies, in order to contribute to the work of improving the quality of life of people with epilepsy, their families and caregivers, increase knowledge about epilepsy in the people that participate in them. The training significantly improved the knowledge in all items. The greatest impact occurred on questions about which there was no prior knowledge.

Transient pelvic limb neuropathy following proximal metatarsal and tarsal magnetic resonance imaging in seven horses.

BACKGROUND: Pelvic limb neuropathy is a rare post-anaesthetic complication. In the authors' experiences, the incidence of post-anaesthesia neuropathy is increased following MRI of the proximal metatarsus and tarsal regions when compared with previously reported incidences of post-anaesthetic neuropathy. OBJECTIVES: This study reports the incidence, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of seven horses with post-anaesthesia neuropathy following proximal metatarsal and tarsal MRI. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series. METHODS: Case record review of horses receiving general anaesthesia for MRI between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2017. RESULTS: A total of 1134 MRI procedures were performed and reviewed for analysis. Eight cases of neuropathy were identified in 1088 limb scans (0.74%). Of these cases, one was subsequent to thoracic limb imaging (1/834; 0.12%) and seven were subsequent to imaging of proximal metatarsal and/or tarsal structures (7/181; 3.9%). Following proximal metatarsal and/or tarsal MRI, transient nondependent limb femoral neuropathy developed in six of the seven affected horses, with one additional horse developing peroneal neuropathy of the dependent limb. Recovery of pelvic limb function occurred within 72 h and 9 days in six and one horse, respectively. MAIN LIMITATIONS: Anaesthetic protocol and neuropathy treatment for the affected horses were not standardised. CONCLUSIONS: Though an uncommon complication in horses, transient neuropathy may occur more frequently following MRI of the proximal metatarsal and tarsal structures when compared with other MRI scans. This may be due to patient positioning and the requirement for limb traction for MRI of more proximal regions. Supportive care facilitates rapid return to function.

Enhancement of antibiotics antimicrobial activity due to the silver nanoparticles impact on the cell membrane.

The ability of microorganisms to generate resistance outcompetes with the generation of new and efficient antibiotics; therefore, it is critical to develop novel antibiotic agents and treatments to control bacterial infections. An alternative to this worldwide problem is the use of nanomaterials with antimicrobial properties. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been extensively studied due to their antimicrobial effect in different organisms. In this work, the synergistic antimicrobial effect of AgNPs and conventional antibiotics was assessed in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. AgNPs minimal inhibitory concentration was 10-12 µg mL-1 in all bacterial strains tested, regardless of their different susceptibility against antibiotics. Interestingly, a synergistic antimicrobial effect was observed when combining AgNPs and kanamycin according to the fractional inhibitory concentration index, FICI: <0.5), an additive effect by combining AgNPs and chloramphenicol (FICI: 0.5 to 1), whereas no effect was found with AgNPs and ß-lactam antibiotics combinations. Flow cytometry and TEM analysis showed that sublethal concentrations of AgNPs (6-7 µg mL-1) altered the bacterial membrane potential and caused ultrastructural damage, increasing the cell membrane permeability. No chemical interactions between AgNPs and antibiotics were detected. We propose an experimental supported mechanism of action by which combinatorial effect of antimicrobials drives synergy depending on their specific target, facilitated by membrane alterations generated by AgNPs. Our results provide a deeper understanding about the synergistic mechanism of AgNPs and antibiotics, aiming to combat antimicrobial infections efficiently, especially those by multi-drug resistant microorganisms, in order to mitigate the current crisis due to antibiotic resistance.

Using 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging in the pre-operative evaluation of tongue carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the role of 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging in predicting tongue tumour thickness via direct and reconstructed measures, and their correlations with corresponding histological measures, nodal metastasis and extracapsular spread. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted of 25 patients with histologically proven squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue and pre-operative 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging from 2009 to 2012. RESULTS: Correlations between 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging and histological measures of tongue tumour thickness were assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient: r values were 0.84 (p < 0.0001) and 0.81 (p < 0.0001) for direct and reconstructed measurements, respectively. For magnetic resonance imaging, direct measures of tumour thickness (mean ± standard deviation, 18.2 ± 7.3 mm) did not significantly differ from the reconstructed measures (mean ± standard deviation, 17.9 ± 7.2 mm; r = 0.879). Moreover, 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging had 83 per cent sensitivity, 82 per cent specificity, 82 per cent accuracy and a 90 per cent negative predictive value for detecting cervical lymph node metastasis. CONCLUSION: In this cohort, 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging measures of tumour thickness correlated highly with the corresponding histological measures. Further, 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging was an effective method of detecting malignant adenopathy with extracapsular spread.

Prevalence and Phylogenetic Analysis of Bartonella Species of Wild Carnivores and Their Fleas in Northwestern Mexico.

The host-parasite-vector relationship of Bartonella spp. system in wild carnivores and their fleas from northwestern Mexico was investigated. Sixty-six carnivores belonging to eight species were sampled, and 285 fleas belonging to three species were collected during spring (April-May) and fall (October-November) seasons. We detected Bartonella species in 7 carnivores (10.6%) and 27 fleas (9.5%) through either blood culture or PCR. Of the 27 Bartonella-positive fleas, twenty-two were Pulex simulans, three were Pulex irritans and one was Echidnophaga gallinacea. The gltA gene and ITS region sequences alignment revealed six and eight genetic variants of Bartonella spp., respectively. These variants were clustered into Bartonella rochalimae, Bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii and another genotype, which likely represents a novel species of Bartonella spp. Although experimental infection studies are required to prove the vector role of P. simulans, our results suggest that this flea may play an important role in the Bartonella transmission. The results indicated possible host-specific relationships between Bartonella genotypes and the families of the carnivores, but further studies are needed to verify this finding. The presence of zoonotic species of Bartonella spp. in wild carnivores raises the issue of their potential risk for humans in fragmented ecosystems.

Comparison of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity effects of silver nanoparticles on human cervix and breast cancer cell lines.

The wide application of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has pointed out the need to evaluate their potential risk and toxic effects on human health. Herein, the cytotoxic effects of Argovit™ AgNPs were evaluated on eight cancer cell lines. Further cytotoxic studies were performed in gynecological cancer cell lines from cervical (HeLa) and breast (MDA-MB-231 and MCF7) cancer. In both cases, the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of AgNPs produced the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after 24 h of incubation, but it was not statistically significant compared with untreated cells. However, HeLa, MDA-MB-231, and MCF7 cells treated with the maximal IC of AgNPs induced the formation of ROS either at 12 or 24 h of incubation. Genotoxicity achieved by comet assay in HeLa, MDA-MB-231, and MCF7 cells revealed that exposure to IC50 of AgNPs does not induced noticeable DNA damage in the cells. However, the IC of AgNPs provoked severe DNA damage after 12 and 24 h of exposure. We conclude that, Argovit (polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated AgNPs) induce a cytotoxic effect in a time and dose-dependent manner in all the eight cancer cell lines tested. Nevertheless, the genotoxic effect is mainly restricted by the concentration effect. The results contribute to explore new therapeutic applications of AgNPs for malignances in murine models and to study in deep the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of AgNPs in healthy cells at the surrounding tissue of the neoplasia.

Estudio de patrones capilaroscópicos en población sana / Capillarroscopic patterns in healthy population

La capilaroscopia es un método no invasivo y seguro que permite la visualización de los capilares a nivel del lecho periungueal de los dedos de las manos. Es útil en la evaluación del Fenómeno de Raynaud y de las colagenopatías, principalmente de la esclerodermia; sin embargo, se conoce poco acerca de la prevalencia y distribución de los cambios capilaroscópicos en sujetos sanos, siendo el objetivo de este estudio evaluar y describir las alteraciones capilaroscópicas en este grupo. A 100 participantes seleccionados por criterios de inclusión y exclusión se les realizó una videocapilaroscopia del lecho ungueal del cuarto y quinto dedo de la mano no dominante; el 86% de la población estudiada presentó hallazgos capilaroscópicos como: capilares tortuosos, entrecruzados y arborificados. Además, las alteraciones capilaroscópicas fueron más frecuentes en sujetos que consumían tabaco, se encontró una relación significativa entre el tabaco y la presencia de arborificaciones. Este es el primer estudio descriptivo de alteraciones capilaroscópicas en sujetos sanos en el Ecuador.

Capillaroscopy is a noninvasive and safe method that allows visualizationof capillaries in the nailbed. It is useful in the assesment ofRaynaud’s phenomenon and collagen diseases, especially scleroderma;however, little is known about the prevalence and distributionof capillaroscopic changes in healthy subjects, hence the aim ofthis study was to assess and describe the microvascular alterationsin this group. 100 participants selected by inclusion and exclusioncriteria underwent videocapillaroscopy of the nailfold of the fourthand fifth fingers of the nondominant hand; 86% of the study populationpresented capillaroscopic findings such as tortuous capillaries,crisscrossing and arborifications. Also, the microvascular alterationswere more frequent in subjects who had history of tobaccosmoking: a significant relationship between smoking and the presenceof arborifications was found. This is the first descriptive studyof microvascular alterations in healthy subjects in Ecuador.

Neumonía por citomegalovirus en un adulto inmunocompetente / No disponible

No disponible

Potential cross-reactivity of monoclonal antibodies against clinically relevant mycobacteria.

Tuberculosis is a disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTb). In 2011, global mortality due to tuberculosis was 1·4 million individuals. The only available vaccine is the attenuated M. bovis [bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)] strain, which confers variable protection against pulmonary tuberculosis. Some widely distributed non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), such as M. avium and M. arupense, are also potential pathogens for humans. This work aimed to produce and characterize monoclonal antibodies against the M. bovis BCG Mexico strain of the MTb, M. avium subs. hominissuis and the M. arupense strain from NTM. Hybridomas were produced from splenocytes of BALB/c female mice immunized with radiation-inactivated mycobacteria, and the immunoglobulin (Ig)G2a antibody-producing clones with the highest antigenic recognition were selected. The selected clones, Mbv 2A10 for M. bovis BCG Mexico, Mav 3H1 for M. avium and Mar 2D10 for M. arupense, were used in further studies. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immune proteomics analyses characterized the clones as having the highest cross-reactivity with mycobacteria. Using mass spectrometry, a number of proteins recognized by the monoclonal antibody (mAb) clones were identified. These proteins had roles in metabolic processes, hypoxia, cell cycle and dormancy. In addition, a Clustal W and Immune Epitope Database (IEDB) in-silico analysis was performed in protein sequences that result in the conserved regions within probability epitopes that could be recognized for Mbv2A10 and Mav3H1 clones.

A strategy to design efficient fermentation processes for traditional beverages production: prickly pear wine.

This paper describes a methodology to establish an optimal process design for prickly pear wine production that preserves the peculiar and unique traits of traditional products, generating at the same time, technical information for appropriate design of both bioreactor and overall process. The strategy includes alcoholic fermentation optimization by the mixed native culture composed by Pichia fermentans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, followed by malolactic fermentation optimization by Oenococcus oeni. The optimization criteria were based on multiple output functions: alcohol content, volatile compounds profile, organic acids profile, and compound contents related to color, which were analyzed by spectroscopy-chromatography methods and sensory analysis. The results showed that the mixed culture inoculated into a bioreactor containing prickly pear juice with 20 °Bx of fermentable sugars concentration, processed at a constant temperature of 20 °C for 240 h, leads to a fermented product with 9.93% (v/v) total alcohol content, and significant abundance of volatile compounds, which provide fruity and ethereal aromatic notes, complemented by a lively but not unpleasant acidity. This young wine was further subjected to malolactic fermentation at constant temperature (16 °C) for 192 h, decreasing malic acid, and balancing volatile compounds contents, thus resulting in a product with better aroma and flavor perception, and a velvety feeling of long aftertaste. Repeated assays showed that the process is stable, predictable, controllable, and reproducible. These results were used for process design and spreadsheet construction in order to simulate the process, and properly select and size the equipment required for such process.

Early-time symmetry tuning in the presence of cross-beam energy transfer in ICF experiments on the National Ignition Facility.

On the National Ignition Facility, the hohlraum-driven implosion symmetry is tuned using cross-beam energy transfer (CBET) during peak power, which is controlled by applying a wavelength separation between cones of laser beams. In this Letter, we present early-time measurements of the instantaneous soft x-ray drive at the capsule using reemission spheres, which show that this wavelength separation also leads to significant CBET during the first shock, even though the laser intensities are 30× smaller than during the peak. We demonstrate that the resulting early drive P2/P0 asymmetry can be minimized and tuned to <1% accuracy (well within the ±7.5% requirement for ignition) by varying the relative input powers between different cones of beams. These experiments also provide time-resolved measurements of CBET during the first 2 ns of the laser drive, which are in good agreement with radiation-hydrodynamics calculations including a linear CBET model.

Precision shock tuning on the national ignition facility.

Ignition implosions on the National Ignition Facility [J. D. Lindl et al., Phys. Plasmas 11, 339 (2004)] are underway with the goal of compressing deuterium-tritium fuel to a sufficiently high areal density (ρR) to sustain a self-propagating burn wave required for fusion power gain greater than unity. These implosions are driven with a very carefully tailored sequence of four shock waves that must be timed to very high precision to keep the fuel entropy and adiabat low and ρR high. The first series of precision tuning experiments on the National Ignition Facility, which use optical diagnostics to directly measure the strength and timing of all four shocks inside a hohlraum-driven, cryogenic liquid-deuterium-filled capsule interior have now been performed. The results of these experiments are presented demonstrating a significant decrease in adiabat over previously untuned implosions. The impact of the improved shock timing is confirmed in related deuterium-tritium layered capsule implosions, which show the highest fuel compression (ρR~1.0 g/cm(2)) measured to date, exceeding the previous record [V. Goncharov et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 165001 (2010)] by more than a factor of 3. The experiments also clearly reveal an issue with the 4th shock velocity, which is observed to be 20% slower than predictions from numerical simulation.

Are laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma incidence and patient mortality a function of ABO blood grouping? A retrospective study.

OBJECTIVE: Few studies have examined the association between ABO blood grouping and head and neck cancer. This retrospective review examined the association between blood group and laryngeal cancer incidence and patient mortality. METHODS: Of 271 patients treated for squamous cell laryngeal carcinoma (1997-2002), 143 patients with supraglottic, glottic and subglottic tumours were included; 128 patients were excluded. The blood group characteristics of patients and healthy blood donors were compared. RESULTS: There was no significant correlation between blood type and laryngeal carcinoma incidence or mortality. Type A blood was commoner in African Americans with laryngeal cancer than Caucasian patients, but not significantly so. As expected, five-year survival rates were lower in patients with more advanced stage cancer (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Although our findings show no association between blood group and five-year survival, these results are inconclusive, and warrant further study of the association between blood type and laryngeal (and other) head and neck cancers.

Microbial ecology studies of spontaneous fermentation: starter culture selection for prickly pear wine production.

A procedure for designing starter cultures for fermentation is illustrated for prickly pear wine production. The illustration includes kinetic studies on inoculated and spontaneous fermentation, microorganism identification studies based on molecular biology tools, and microbial ecology studies, which led to the selection of strains that are capable of synthesizing alcohol and desirable volatile compounds. Results show that a mixed starter inoculum containing Pichia fermentans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae leads to a fermented product that contains 8.37% alcohol (v/v). The gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis shows the presence of 9 major volatile compounds (Isobutanol, Isopentanol, Ethyl acetate, Isoamyl acetate, Ethyl octanoate, Ethyl decanoate, Ethyl 9-decanoate, ß-Phenylethyl acetate, and Phenylethyl alcohol) that have ethereal, fruity, aromatic notes that are considered to be essential for a fine wine flavor. These compounds harmonically synergize with the alcohol to produce a fermented product with a unique flavor and taste. Several assays using the mixed culture show that the process is stable, predictable, controllable, and reproducible. Moreover, the results show that a mixed culture leads to a broader range of aromatic products than that produced by a single, pure culture. Therefore, we conclude that combinations of Saccharomyces strains and non-Saccharomyces strains can be used to obtain high-quality fermented beverages from prickly pear juice.

Disseminated cutaneous histoplasmosis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: report of 23 cases.

Disseminated cutaneous histoplasmosis is an opportunistic infection in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. We report a series of 23 cases (21 men, two women; median age 29 years) with disseminated cutaneous histoplasmosis seen at two hospital centres. Most of the patients (21/23) were classified as stage C3. The most common dermatological findings were papules, crusting plaques, nodules and ulcers, mainly located on the face and chest. Of the 23 cases, 15 (65%) had pulmonary involvement. Amphotericin B and itraconazole were the main drugs used for treatment. Treatment response was variable: four of the patients were cured, six improved and remain stable, nine patients died, and four patients were lost to follow-up.

Adolescencia prevenida: pérfil sociopsicológico del adolescente rural medido a través del inventario autodescriptivo del adolescente / Prevented adolescence: socio psychological profile of rural adolescent measured by the adolescent self-descriptive inventory

Esta investigación parte y suma sus resultados a una base de datos de estudios sobre el perfil positivo y negativo del adolescente rural en cada una de las áreas evaluadas, establecidas en la macro investigación “Adolescencia Prevenida Rural” que lleva a cabo como área de estudio la Cátedra de Psicología Experimental I y II de la UCA desde 2001.En este caso el objetivo general es describir y comparar el perfil sociopsicológico del adolescente paraguayo rural de la Zona de Chaco (Villa Hayes-Cerrito) y sus variantes en relación al sexo y edad, mediante la utilización del Inventario Autodescriptivo. La muestra seleccionada estuvo compuesta por n=89 participantes de ambos sexos siendo la misma no probabilística, intencionada y autoseleccionada. Las variables comparadas de las áreas del “Inventario Autodescriptivo” evalúan los factores de riesgo presentes en las mismas y del Perfil sociodemográfico. El diseño empleado es de tipo transversal, descriptivo-exploratorio-comparativo.Los resultados concluyen que el perfil sociopsicológico del Adolescente rural presenta factores de riesgo tanto en varones y mujeres, lo cual se debe probablemente a sus características sociodemográficas e individuales.